By Will Dunham
A recent study conducted by scientists using mannequins named Helga and Zohar has provided valuable data on radiation exposure for astronauts outside Earth's protective magnetic field. This data could revolutionize how we protect astronauts during long space journeys, such as a mission to Mars.
During NASA's Orion spacecraft's 25-day uncrewed Artemis I mission around the moon in 2022, continuous radiation data was collected using advanced instruments, including NASA's HERA and the European Space Agency's EAD sensors.
The findings are crucial as radiation poses a significant threat to astronauts on long-term missions beyond Earth's orbit. The Artemis program, which aims to return astronauts to the moon and eventually explore Mars, will benefit greatly from this research.
Galactic cosmic rays and particles from solar flares can lead to radiation sickness, increased cancer risk, and other health issues for astronauts. Helga and Zohar, designed to mimic human bodies, were equipped with sensors to measure radiation exposure on their skin and organs during the mission.
According to physicist Stuart George from NASA, "The data collected from these phantoms provided valuable insights into how radiation is deposited across the body, particularly during the Van Allen belt transits and interplanetary flight."
The study also revealed that the spacecraft's radiation shielding provided up to four times more protection in certain areas compared to others. This information will be crucial for designing future missions with enhanced safety measures.
Overall, the research highlighted the importance of understanding radiation exposure in space and how it can impact astronauts on long-term missions. With this knowledge, scientists and engineers can better protect astronauts during space exploration, ultimately advancing our journey to Mars and beyond.